Sentences can be active or passive. Therefore, tenses also
have "active forms" and "passive forms." You must learn to
recognize the difference to successfully speak English.
Active Form
In active sentences, the thing doing the action is the
subject of the sentence and the thing receiving the action is the object. Most
sentences are active.
[Thing doing action] + [verb] + [thing receiving action]
Examples:
Passive Form
In passive sentences, the thing receiving the action is the
subject of the sentence and the thing doing the action is optionally included
near the end of the sentence. You can use the passive form if you think that
the thing receiving the action is more important or should be emphasized. You
can also use the passive form if you do not know who is doing the action or if
you do not want to mention who is doing the action.
[Thing receiving action] + [be] + [past participle of verb] +
[by] + [thing doing action]
Examples:
Active
/ Passive Overview
|
|
Active
|
Passive
|
|
Simple
Present
|
Once
a week, Tom cleans the house.
|
Once
a week, the house is cleaned by Tom.
|
|
Present
Continuous
|
Right
now, Sarah is writing the letter.
|
Right
now, the letter is being written by Sarah.
|
|
Simple
Past
|
Sam
repaired the car.
|
The
car was repaired by Sam.
|
|
Past
Continuous
|
The
salesman was helping the customer when the thief came into the store.
|
The
customer was being helped by the salesman when the thief came into the
store.
|
|
Present
Perfect
|
Many
tourists have visited that castle.
|
That
castle has been visited by many tourists.
|
|
Present
Perfect Continuous
|
Recently,
John has been doing the work.
|
Recently,
the work has been being done by John.
|
|
Past
Perfect
|
George
had repaired many cars before he received his mechanic's license.
|
Many
cars had been repaired by George before he received his mechanic's
license.
|
|
Past
Perfect Continuous
|
Chef
Jones had been preparing the restaurant's fantastic dinners for two
years before he moved to Paris.
|
The
restaurant's fantastic dinners had been being prepared by Chef Jones
for two years before he moved to Paris.
|
|
Simple
Future
will |
Someone
will finish the work by 5:00 PM.
|
The
work will be finished by 5:00 PM.
|
|
Simple
Future
be going to |
Sally
is going to make a beautiful dinner tonight.
|
A
beautiful dinner is going to be made by Sally tonight.
|
|
Future
Continuous
will |
At
8:00 PM tonight, John will be washing the dishes.
|
At
8:00 PM tonight, the dishes will be being washed by John.
|
|
Future
Continuous
be going to |
At
8:00 PM tonight, John is going to be washing the dishes.
|
At
8:00 PM tonight, the dishes are going to be being washed by John.
|
|
Future
Perfect
will |
They
will have completed the project before the deadline.
|
The
project will have been completed before the deadline.
|
|
Future
Perfect
be going to |
They
are going to have completed the project before the deadline.
|
The
project is going to have been completed before the deadline.
|
|
Future
Perfect Continuous
will |
The
famous artist will have been painting the mural for over six months by
the time it is finished.
|
The
mural will have been being painted by the famous artist for over six
months by the time it is finished.
|
|
Future
Perfect Continuous
be going to |
The
famous artist is going to have been painting the mural for over six
months by the time it is finished.
|
The
mural is going to have been being painted by the famous artist for
over six months by the time it is finished.
|
|
Used
to
|
Jerry
used to pay the bills.
|
The
bills used to be paid by Jerry.
|
|
Would
Always
|
My
mother would always make the pies.
|
The
pies would always be made by my mother.
|
|
Future
in the Past
Would |
I
knew John would finish the work by 5:00 PM.
|
I
knew the work would be finished by 5:00 PM.
|
|
Future
in the Past
Was Going to |
I
thought Sally was going to make a beautiful dinner tonight.
|
I
thought a beautiful dinner was going to be made by Sally tonight.
|
1. EXCAMPLE ACTIVE TO PASIVE
1. Active
: Nick helps Merry
Passive : Merry is helped by Nick
Passive : Merry is helped by Nick
2. Active : I shall give her a new pen.
Passive : She will be given a new pen.
3. Active : He writes the letters carefully.
Passive : The letters are written carefully
4. Active : He meets them everyday.
Passive : They are met by him everyday
5. Active : She waters this plant every two days.
Passive : This plant is watered by her every two days
6. Active : He met them yesterday
Passive : They were met by him yesterday
7. Active : She watered this plant this morning
Passive : This plant was watered by her this morning
8. Active : He had met them before I came.
Passive : They had been met by him before I came
9. Active : She had watered this plant for 5 minutes when I got here
Passive : This plant had been watered by her for 5 minutes when I got here
10. Active : He will meet them tomorrow.
Passive : They will be met by him tomorrow.
2. EXCAMPLE PASIVE TO ACTIVE
1. Passive : They are met by him
everyday.
Active
: He meets them everyday.
2. Passive : This plant is watered by her
every two days.
Active : She waters this plant every two days.
3. Passive : They were met by him
yesterday
Active : He met them yesterday
4. Passive : This plant was watered by
her this morning
Active : She watered this plant this morning
5. Passive : They have been met by him
Active : He has met them
6. Passive : This plant has been watered
by her for 5 minutes.
Active : She has watered this plant for 5 minutes.
7. Passive : They had been met by him
before I came.
Active : He had met them before I came.
8. Passive : This plant had been watered
by her for 5 minutes when I got here
Active
: She had watered this plant for 5 minutes when I got here
9. Passive : At dinner, six shrimp were
eaten by Harry.
Active : Harry ate six shrimp at dinner.
10. Passive : A movie is going to be
watched by us tonight.
Active : We are going to watch a movie tonight
NAMA: EVI ASTUTI
KELAS: 4 EA 25
NPM : 12211531
